Asad's Business and Technology Articles

In market segmentation we divide the whole market into small segments or parts. It is done because of ease for both seller and buyer. Market segmentation is made by seller who will sell his products to target customers. Segments will help him to access them easily and efficiently. For example, we (organization, say ‘PakMobiles’) make five segments of Pakistan, Punjab, Sindh, KPK, Balochistan and Islamabad. Suppose we want to sell our product that is a vedio camera mobile set (Rs.65,900). Now we want to sell our product in five segments separately then we will have to further divide five segments into smaller segments that are markets like in Islamabad we may make further segments for example; Jinnah Super Market, Abpara Market, Melody and I-9 Market. Here you will find that Jinnah-Super is expensive than abpara and Melody and I-9 Market is cheaper than all. Here we shall supply our product to majorly to Jinnah-Super or abpara, Melody instead of I-9 Market because we know that our prod...

You may be familiar with the term ‘Marketing’ but I believe that you would be in deep confusion about this concept. I mean that you or most of you understand marketing, just advertising or sales promotion. But in reality it is not what you thinking. The easy way I suggest you to understand any concept is to analyze definition of the term. Here I’m going to remove your confusion by presenting you precise definitions of it.

The trade between two or among more than two nations is term as ‘International Trade’. But it is not our purpose we need to analyze this definition more practically than it is defined. A lot of thanks to economist that gave us this theory and helped the under developed countries or even advance to increase their trade volume, export and import.

Managers when go for decision making must have knowledge about threats and opportunities. They must ready to face any contingency and must know how to deal with. Some events are uncontrollable like storms; earthquake and weather etc. and some can be controlled like, demand and supply, by proper management. Now, we are going to study the challenges faced by manager during planning by Environmental forces. Recall we studied in science about environment that anything other than system. So what is system? That we are system or our homes consider a system and other people that are outsider like our neighbors etc. are environment. Similarly we can say that within organization there is also a system and there is an environment outside.  We can categorize the external environmental forces into following ways. Political and Legal Environment. Economic Environment. Technological Environment. Culture Forces. Demographic Environment. So, all the above discussed forces must be borne by ...

Alfred Marshall gave the concept of welfare in economics, he argued that society should produce those goods that are beneficial and not harmful. We can say it, he discussed about positive externalities. For example, he suggested to produce drinks instead of wine because wine is against human health and government should make restrictions in this regard. He focused on welfare by goods and laid down the base of welfare economics. We now analyze Marshall’s definition deeply that how government can help society in the improvement of social welfare. Government should make, for welfare, free trade policies and the opportunities to be given to peoples to buy and sell goods and services in international markets and share contribution in bilateral trade. Government should discourage production of health hazardous products like Tobacco, Wine, and some chemicals etc. though a labor class is engaged in production of these goods, but in broader sight it is no more than social welfare. Government ma...